Arthrosis of common knees (gonartrosis, osteoarthrosis) is deformation and destruction of cartilage, which is accompanied by pain.This condition can lead to loss of functionality, and even disability.The disease more often affects women older than 40 years old, especially aspiring.At the young age, arthrosis appears due to injuries received during sports or hard physical work.Ailment can be one -sidedin or bilateral if both legs are affected.It is necessary to treat pathology comprehensively.
Reasons for development
There are two shapes of knee wrist arthritis, depending on the causes of the disease:
- primary;
- Secondary.
The primary form is developed in childhood and is associated with improper formation of ligaments or joints, which are still deformed during physical activity.
The secondary shape is caused by the reasons described in the table:
| Reasons | Description |
| Injuries | Fractures, dislocations, meniscus damage.These factors that contribute to the development of arthrosis in a young age.In the presence of injuries, it becomes impossible to bend and bend a limb.Treatment consists in temporary leg fixation, which worsens the blood circulation process.It becomes a reason for forming arthrosis.When the meniscus is removed, the Teaments are developed in 9 out of 10 cases |
| Increased loads | Must match the person's age.With excessive loads, microtrows and stretching, which does not always feel, but cause significant damage to the state of the joint.All movements during sports should be smooth.Knee compounds are most amazing during running and squat |
| Overweight | This factor causes meniscus damage.In full people, the renovation of the knee joint occurs longer, because the additional load of excess weight is precisely on the knees.A difficult form of arthrosis due to obesity arises in combination with varicose veins |
| Weakness of ligamental apparatus | This is the situation most often in combination with such a cell phone joints.In this case, a person has a flexible body and can sit on a tape without warm - leading to microtrows, and then to arthrosis, if there are more harm.Joint mobility can also be associated with the impaired sensitivity to the leg, so a person does not feel pain in damage |
| Joint diseases | Arthrosis often occurs in the presence of arthritis (rheumatoid, reactive or psoriathic).In this case, a build-up of the sin fluid in the joints in a cavity leading to the destruction of tissues and arthrosis |
| Breach of metabolic processes | If disorders appear in the fabric, they do not receive the necessary minerals and substances.Calcium deficiency negatively affects the state of cartilage.This condition also leads to the deposition of salt |
| Stress | With permanent nerve stress and swing moods, blood circulation decay occurs in their legs, swelling and inflammation |
The disease may occur in one - subordinate or left or left-handed) or bilateral form:
- Injury is the cause of one-way arthrosis;
- Obesity - bilateral.
Symptoms
The symptoms of the knee joint arthrosis differ depending on the disease phase.The classic order of their phenomenon is described in the table:
| Symptom | Description |
| Cranje and clicking on the joints | This symptom often remains unnoticed, although crumb indicates the beginning of the process.To determine his presence, you should put your hand on the knee cup and slowly bend and reduce your knee.Crunch or clicks feel quite easy |
| Pain | At the very beginning of degenerative changes, it is almost not noticeable and does not increase after static loads (weight lift).Dynamic load, on the contrary, improves the nutritional nutrition.The pain is associated with the exposure of nervous endings when deleting the cartilage of tissues.With the advancement of the disease, the pain is enhanced, as the inflammatory process and edema is further occurring.Development of imposed inflammation signals pain that appears even at rest |
| Startup station | This condition usually occurs after a night sleep and lasts 30-60 minutes.The film fibrin was formed during the inactivity in common and after sleep mechanically prevents its movement while partially deleted.The rigidity of movement that lasts more than the clock indicates another disease |
| Reduction of movement amplitude | It is manifested in the impossibility of bending legs in the knee to the end.The patient, seeks to minimize pain, trying to move the foot less.Ligaments adapt to a small volume of movement over time and shorten |
| Increase the volume of the wrist | Occurs due to the swelling of the soft tissues that surround the wrist, and growth in the form of spikes along its edge, which, with the advancement of the disease, connect into one string |
| A shared connection in one position | In this case, the wrist is blocked in a certain position and with any mention of the Pain.This happens due to changes in a common surface, in which internal ligaments cross the natural bone heads, which leads to its stretch.It is commonly fixed in a certain position and can be returned to the initial can only be reverse ligament ligaments.In rare cases, the certification occurs due to foreign bodies (for example, meniscus parts) in the joint gap |
| Dislocation and subclud | These conditions are found with advanced arthrosis.With dislocation, the foot axle is switched to the side, and inserting the compound is quite difficult.Sub-cursous is associated with partial shift in relation to the surface connected in relation to the normal position.In this case, the pain was imposed, but the deviance of the lower leg towards a slight |
Degree and type of illness
There are 3 degrees of diseases that depend on the weight of the symptoms.
First
The first-degree arthrosis continues almost asymptomatic.In this case, they are characterized by:
- Fatigue fatigue;
- a little pain after a cargo passing at rest;
- A slight reduction in mobility after sleep;
- Rarely - the accumulation of the sinue liquid that leads to the formation of a bakery cyst;
External, Community deformation is not noticeable.In the X -Rays, the disease is either not visible, or small irregularities are manifested on the crunchy tissue and the surface of the bone.Additional studies are needed without failure.
Second
The symptoms in this case will be more pronounced:
- Pain occurs from the minimum load, but after vacation passages;
- Crete happens during the movement;
- Becomes impossible to bend a leg;
- Bones of a common change;
- Synonitis is progressing;
- The form of articulated changes, which is connected to the battery of liquid.
In X -Ray, bone growth is noticeable.
Third
For arthrosis 3. degrees, characteristic characteristics are:
- pain that is not associated with the cargo (joints at night);
- Completely disturbed mobility;
- The sensitivity of the wrist to change time.
The radiograph shows changes in cartilage and the compound surface.The curvature of the leg leads to disability.
Deformation of arthrosis (DOA) is caused by the deposition of bones.The most common women with aiming weight suffer from them.The main symptoms are acute pain and crumb in the wrist.The treatment should begin even in the initial phase - in this case the chance of preserving the tissue cartilage is quite large.
Depending on the localization, arthritis can be:
- Knee;
- Hip (coxartrosis);
- cervical;
- shoulders;
- Lotar;
- ankle;
- vertebrates.
A comprehensive treatment
The therapy of this disease is quite a long time.In medicine are 3 main phases of treatment depending on the degree of disease:
| Degree of arthrosis | Therapeutic measures |
| 1st |
|
| 2. |
|
| 3rd |
|
Medications
Medications are based on 3 drug groups:
- Not -steroidal anti-inflammatory medications.
- Glucocorticosteroids.
- Chondroprotectors.
Nsaid
This is a group of drugs that have anti -inflamman, antipyretic and analgesic effect.Are divided into two groups:
- Inelegant.Anti-anal effect of the drug manifests all body tissues, including healthy.
- Selectively.Act directly in the focus of inflammation.
The most common side effect of these medicines is the formation of ulcers and erosion of the stomach and a 12-ended hose.In addition, it is recommended to take funds for protection of mucosa.At the same time, local NSAIDs do not provoke such negative consequences, so they can be used for a long time.
In order to achieve rapid relief of pain and anti-curd effects, intramuscular injections with NSAID are prescribed.
Glucocorticosteroids
These drugs are prescribed if the effect of NSAID is insufficient.
Hormonal Arthrosis compounds are used only locally - in the form of fat or intra-mail injection.Fats with glucocorticosteroids cannot be used longer than 7-10 days in a row.Longer course leads to the skin atrophy at the application site.
Intra -Articular injections are necessary when painkillers and anti-angles from NSAIDs and fat with hormones are not sufficient.
The effect of injection in the compound occurs quite fast: the patient feels relief in the first half.The duration of the injection depends on how long the drug will be in a common cavity.These affect two factors - the volume of drug management and its consumption.The stronger damage to the cartilage, it is consumed by more medicine.
Chondroprotectors
The mechanism of the action of this group of medicines is based on the delivery of the substances needed for the rebuilt in the articulated cartilage.During the therapy of hondroprotekers:
- There is no anti-intentional and analgesic effect;
- The therapeutic effect occurs gradually;
- It turns out that prevention is due to preventing further destruction of cartilage.
These drugs include substances that make up the cartilage wrist:
- The construction substance of the cartilage, which is necessary to maintain its structure;
- Basis for the production of intraarticular fluid.
It takes a long time to take drugs (3-5 months).
Physiotherapy
Arthrosis physics is a method of physical influence, which is beneficial affecting the condition of the common knee.The main condition for achieving a positive result is the correct selection of necessary procedures.
Physiotherapy is just auxiliary tool.
The table describes the procedures used for knee joint arthritis:
| Name | Effect | Treatment duration |
| Electrophoresis using drugs | Under the influence of direct electricity, some medications can be delivered to the deep tissue of the compound.The anesthetics and medications for chlorine are most commonly prescribed | Half an hour every day for 2 weeks |
| Ultrafonaphore | Using ultraviolet waves, active medication substances penetrate deep into the tissue.Hormonal, antinupal and painkillers are used together | No more than 10 minutes per day 10-14 days |
| Laser radiation | Under the influence of light rage beams are activated by specific molecules that contribute to the reconstruction of metabolic and regenerated processes in the fabric | 7-10 minutes daily for 2 weeks |
| Infrared radiation | Deeply heating of tissues occur, as a result whose substances are formed, which run the recovery reactions in the wrist | 10 minutes.Treatment stream - 1 week |
| Impulsive magnetotherapy | Under the influence of high-frequent magnetic field, changes occur in cells and tissues - membranes are strengthened, metabolic processes are normalized | By compound - 5-8 minutes in 7 days |
| Local cryotherapy | Under the influence of low temperatures (cold air stream up to -30 degrees) There is an increase in the functions of all basic systems, which encourage tissue restoration | 10 minutes per coupling 10 days |
Some methods, when an improper appointment, can worsen the state of the knee wrist.
Surgical intervention
The medical method of treatment is focused on maximum delay at the time when the only way the therapy is replacing a sick compound with artificial.Most often, such a decision is made in the last phase of arthrosis.
The main methods of surgical intervention are:
- Arthroscopy.A special needle is introduced through a breakthrough, which removes the growth of bones that cause pain as well as cartilage and fragments.
- Prosthetics.In this case, the damaged compound is removed and replaced by artificial.Modern dentures are rarely rejected by the body.
Practice therapy
A set of osteoarthritis exercises helps restore the joint function and strengthen it.They should be performed so that the ligaments would not expire.
Description:
- Lying down on your stomach, slowly lift your legs alternately until the right corner is formed.The main emphasis is on the muscles of the hips and the lower leg.Back stress must not be permitted.
- Lying down on the stomach, raise straight legs up, as much as possible.In this position, alternately reduce them and grow them.This exercise is not suitable for everything, because the needed print muscles are needed.It is not recommended to make it with high blood pressure people.
- Lying down side, bend a leg found below.Lift the upper leg and stay a few seconds on the top point.
- Climbing socks, holding on to the back of the chair.Hold on top, while progressing leg muscles.
- Smoothly move one foot from the heel to your finger.The second foot is performing the opposite action - from the legs to the heel.
- Rinse to the back of the chair and stand on the heels, raising the socks, gradually increasing time.
- Standing, rub your legs in a direction from your knees to thighs.
Diet
There is no special nutrest nutrition.Power correcting aims to reduce body weight, reducing the inflammatory process and strengthening criminal structures.
The diet should be balanced, with a high content of vitamins and minerals.
Basic principles:
- Limit of salt consumption (up to 5-8 G per day) and any saline products (canned food, chips, pilot).
- Exclusion of fried dishes.It is recommended to bake food, pimmer, cooking or steam.
- Increasing liquid consumption (up to 2-2.5 liters of water per day).
- Transition to fractional nutrition.
- Daily use of 2-3 fruits.
The use of the following dishes is recommended:
- fish and seafood;
- walnuts;
- sunflower oil, olives and linen;
- Mixed and chicken with low meat;
- Fresh berries and fruit;
- Vegetables - beets, tomato, carrot, cabbage;
- Bread of the entire grain;
- Milk and dairy products.
National methods
Before using any folk remedies, it is recommended to clarify the diagnosis and address the doctor.The most efficient recipes are described in the table:
| Ingredients | Method of application |
| Kopriva also leaves the spruce berries in equal quantity, honey in the ratio 1: 3 |
|
| Roots, flowers or branches of a black older |
|
| Leaf bay - 10 g, 250 ml of water |
|
| Suva mustard and honey (2 tbsp), egg |
|
| Cabbage |
|
| Chamomile, calendula, burdock in equal amounts, oil jelly |
|
The knee wrist arthrosis is a serious disease that cannot be completely cured.If the first symptoms occur, it is recommended to advise with a doctor and follow all its recommendations so that they would not spend the last phase.